Sheldon Saul Hendler
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 Aromatic isothiocyanates and indoles, for example, are found in the cruciferous vegetables; selenium in grains from selenium-rich soil, nuts (especially Brazil nuts), shellfish and edible mushrooms; vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in citrus fruits and some vegetables; beta-carotene in green leafy vegetables, green and yellow vegetables and fruits; vitamin E in vegetable oils, nuts and vegetables; bioflavonoids in most fruits, vegetables and grains; and indoles in citrus fruits and vegetables. Lentinan appears to be the active principle of the shiitake mushroom. |
James A. Duke, Ph.D.
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 Corn oil and other vegetable oils are polyunsaturated oils. Olive oil is a monounsaturated oil. There is a complex chemical explanation for how these differ, but all you really need to know is that there's good reason to believe that monounsaturated oils are a lot better for you. In salad dressings, replace polyunsaturated oils with olive oil.
Eat a wide variety of fruits and vegetables. Also eat a good selection of herbs, legumes, nuts and spices. |
Textbook of Natural Medicine 2nd Edition Volume 2Michael T. Murray, ND
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| The reason behind the failure to improve lipid concentrations is either failure to restrict the use of other vegetable oils while supplementing the diet with flaxseed oil or failure to correct an underlying zinc deficiency. Evidence to support a failure to restrict the intake of omega-6 oils is offered by the fact that there was no significant change in the alpha-linolenic acid to linoleic acid ratio in test subjects. Evidence to support failure to correct an underlying zinc deficiency comes from serum zinc analysis on test subjects. |
| Eliminate from the diet all refined and/or concentrated sugars, foods containing trans-fatty acids such as milk, milk products, margarine, shortening and other synthetically hydrogenated vegetable oils as well as fried foods. Avoid milk and foods high in iodized salt.
Supplements
• B-complex: 100 mg/day (avoid niacin)
• Pancreas extract (8-10 x USP): 350-500 mg before meals
• Hydrochloric acid: provided in Appendix 6.
REFERENCES
1. Ryle J, Barber H. Gastric analysis in acne rosacea. Lancet 1920; ii: 1195-1196
2. Poole W. Effect of vitamin B complex and S-factor on acne rosacea. |
| Other vegetable oils which primarily contain linoleic acid include safflower and soy. Better results would probably have been attained in the double-blind studies if dietary saturated fatty acids had been restricted, larger amounts of linoleic acid had been used (at least 20 g/day),29 and the studies had been of longer duration (one study found that normalization of erythrocyte fatty acid levels required at least 2 years of supplementation).33
The effectiveness of linoleic acid supplementation in MS is thought to be due to immunosuppression. |
Elson M. Haas, M.D.
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 Raise the ratio of poly-unsaturated fats to saturated fats in the diet by maintaining or slightly increasing the dietary intake of polyunsaturated fats found in vegetable oils such as safflower, corn, and soybean oils and in most seeds and nuts. These also contain high amounts of the essential fatty acids, which are important to healthy body function.
Eat more cold-water fish (at least twice weekly), rather than red meats, for the omega-3 fatty acid content.
Keep the blood pressure under control, do not smoke, and exercise regularly. |
Textbook of Natural Medicine 2nd Edition Volume 2Michael T. Murray, ND
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| Reduce or eliminate the intake of animal fats while increasing the intake of vegetable oils.
• Supplement the diet with the following:
—high potency multiple vitamin and mineral formula
—vitamin C: 500-1,000 mg three times/day
—vitamin E: 400-800 IU/day
—magnesium: 800-1,200 mg/day
—garlic: the equivalent of 4,000 mg/day of fresh garlic
—flaxseed oil: 1 tbsp/day.
If after following the above recommendations for a period of 3-6 months blood pressure has not returned to normal, antihypertensive medications are appropriate to bring the blood pressure down. |
Sheldon Saul Hendler and David Rorvik
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 Tocotrienols are also found in such cereal grains as oat, barley and rye. vegetable oils, such as those from canola, cottonseed, olive, peanut, safflower, soybean and sunflower, contain little to no tocotrienols. However, those oils do contain tocopherols. Corn oil has small amounts of tocotrienols.
All of the natural tocotrienols are fat-soluble, water-insoluble oils. The tocotrienols, as well as the tocopherols, possess chain-breaking, peroxyl radical scavenging activities. |
Textbook of Natural Medicine 2nd Edition Volume 1Michael T. Murray, ND
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| Another possible complicating factor is the squalene found in olive oil and some deep-water fishes, but not in other vegetable oils.13 Other problems include the differing ratios of fatty acids, the position of the fatty acids on the glycerol backbone, and the susceptibility to peroxidation of the various fish oil preparations.14
PHARMACOLOGY
In general, the effects of supplemental and dietary unsaturated fatty acids appear to be mediated through changes in serum lipids, altered ratios of prostaglandins, decreased platelet aggregation, and modification of cell membrane activity. |
| Although EPA is found pre-formed in cold-water fish such as salmon, mackerel and herring, certain vegetable oils, such as flaxseed and canola, can, by providing linolenic acid, increase body EPA and 3-series prostaglandin levels.
Prostaglandins of the 1 and 3 series are generally viewed as "good" prostaglandins while prostaglandins of the 2 series are viewed as bad. This is most evident by looking at their effects on platelets. Prostaglandins of the 2 series promote platelet adhesiveness which leads to hardening of the arteries, heart disease, and strokes. |
| Margarine and other hydrogenated vegetable oils not only raise LDL cholesterol, they also lower the protective HDL cholesterol level, interfere with essential fatty acid metabolism, and are suspected of being causes of certain cancers, such as breast cancer.6-9
At the very least, patients should be encouraged to eat less saturated fat and cholesterol, by reducing or eliminating the amounts of animal products in the diet, and to increase the consumption of fiber-rich plant foods (fruits, vegetables, grains, and legumes). |
| The manufacture of margarine and shortening entails the hydrogenation of vegetable oils. This means that a hydrogen molecule is added to the natural unsaturated fatty acid molecules of the vegetable oil to make it more saturated. Hydrogenation results in changing the structure of the natural fatty acid which exists in the cis- configuration to the trans- configuration. Trans-fatty acids interfere with the body's ability to utilize essential fatty acids.
Many researchers and nutritionists have been concerned about the health effects of margarines since they were first introduced. |
| The best sources of vitamin E - such as unrefined vegetable oils, wheat germ, liver and eggs - represent high fat foods and it is difficult to provide high levels of vitamin E in the usual diet without supplementation. Synthetic alpha-tocopherol contains a mixture of D and L isomers; only the d form (actually RRR - alpha-tocopherol) is active in the body. Esterified alpha-tocopherol is considerably more stable than unesterified tocopherol, and supplemental forms incorporate acetate, succinate or palmitate, which are readily hydrolyzed and absorbed during digestion. |
| However, this is also true of all other oils, such as vegetable oils and most currently prescribed hypolipidemic drugs.38
Care must also be taken to use fish oil, not fish liver oil, as the later can be excessively high in vitamins A and D, and cause toxicity.
Finally, large dosages of fish oil supplements may result in a significant increase in the total caloric intake.
Bleeding time
There have been concerns expressed about prolonged bleeding time in populations having a relatively high intake of fish. |
Textbook of Natural Medicine 2nd Edition Volume 2Michael T. Murray, ND
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| The diet should be low in sources of arachidonic acid (land animal fats) and high in foods which inhibit platelet aggregation, e.g. vegetable oils, fish oils, garlic, and onion.
Supplements
• Magnesium: 250-400 mg three times/day
• Vitamin B6: 25 mg three times/ day
• 5-HTP: 100-200 mg three times /day.
Botanical medicines
• Tanacetum -parthenium: 0.25-0. |
Dr. Mary Dan Eades
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| Reduce your intake of dietary fats to 30% of your total day's calories with approximately equal parts coming from saturated (animal fat, egg yolks), monounsaturated (olive oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, fish oil), and polyunsaturated (corn oil, safflower oil, other vegetable oils) sources.
• Through the years, medical evidence has suggested both that caffeine did worsen benign breast disease and that it did not. When there is research that supports both sides, what conclusion can you come to if you suffer from the problem? |
Earl Mindell
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 Tocopherols: the group of compounds (alpha, beta, delta, episilon, eta, gamma, and zeta) that make vitamin E; obtained through vacuum distillation of edible vegetable oils.
Toxicity: the quality or condition of being poisonous, harmful, or destructive.
Toxin: an organic poison produced in living or dead organisms.
Trans-fatty acids: artificial fatty acids produced by hydro-genation; although unsaturated, act like saturated fats and are unhealthy.
Triglycerides: fatty substances in the blood.
Unsaturated fatty acids: most often liquid at room temperature; primarily found in vegetable fats. |
Sheldon Saul Hendler and David Rorvik
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| It is very slightly soluble in water and in vegetable oils. Ascorbic acid comprises 42.5% of the weight of ascorbyl palmitate. Its molecular weight is 414.54 daltons and its empirical formula is C22H38O7. Ascorbyl palmitate is also known as vitamin C palmitate, L-ascorbyl-6-palmitate and 3-oxo-L-gulofuranolactone 6-palmitate.
Ascorbyl palmitate is marketed as a nutritional supplement and claimed by some to be a superior delivery form of vitamin C. |
Dr. Mary Dan Eades
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| Do not use hydrogenated vegetable oils, such as margarine or solid vegetable shortening, because these oils may actually promote atherosclerosis. And absolutely don't deep-fry anything! Even a high-quality, healthful oil will change chemically when you bum it repeatedly at 400 to 500 degrees.
• A diet high in fiber also helps to keep a cap on cholesterol levels, by binding up the cholesterol in your intestine and slowing down its absorption. |
| Good food sources include asparagus, green leafy vegetables, raw nuts, wheat germ, and cold-pressed vegetable oils. Warning: Vitamin E can cause elevation of blood pressure in some people. Please refer to the listing for this vitamin for information about how to slowly and safely increase your intake to the recommended level.
• In laboratory animals, supplemental beta-carotene along with vitamin E caused epidermoid cancers (the same general type of cell as those of the skin) to shrink in size. Again, what this may mean to human skin cancers is at this point uncertain. |
| These essential fatty acids )ccur in vegetable oils, but with aging and disease your body's abil-ty to use these oils to make the "good" eicosinoid messengers from hem declines. See the Yin and Yang of Human Health on pages 4-25 for more information on these "good" and "bad" messengers. Recommendation: To facilitate the best response from essential fatty acids, begin with the proper macronutrient framework (see Section I, Macronutrients, page 23). Then to that nutritionally sound base add gamma-linoleic acid to EPA fish oil in a ratio of 1:4 (GLA:EPA) 1 to 3 times daily. |
Rebecca Wood
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 Even if your consumption of alcohol and saturated fats is minimal, consider that virtually all baked goods, chips, salad dressings, and restaurant foods contain processed vegetable oils.
Use The primrose root is a long, fleshy taproot with firm, white flesh, rather like salsify. It is a tasty vegetable but one that requires that you forage it or grow it yourself. As with burdock, harvest just the first year's roots.
See Essential Fatty Acids; Fat and Oil; Gamma-Linoleic Acid.
FARINA Cream of Wheat
"Middlings," or small hard bits of wheat, are sold as a hot breakfast cereal. |
Dr. Mary Dan Eades
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| Food Sources—Fish liver oil (cod liver oil), fatty-fleshed fish, iweet potatoes, egg yolks, vegetable oils, butter, and (in America) 'itamin D-fortified milk products.
Functions in the Body—Cholecalciferol acts primarily to maintain bone integrity through enhanced absorption of the minerals required to build and maintain the skeletal structure. While this is vitamin D's main function, studies have revealed other possible roles. When combined with calcium, vitamin D has been found to possess anticancer properties. In some people, low levels of the vitamin may increase blood pressure. |
Earl Mindell
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| It is true, though, that octacosanol (which is a natural food substance present in very small amounts in many vegetable oils, the levels of alfalfa and wheat, wheat germ, and other foods) has an energy-releasing function, increasing strength and stamina, and in laboratory experiments it seems to improve reproductive disturbances.
If you try it, don't be impatient, it often takes 4-6 weeks for beneficial effects from octacosanol to be noticed. |
Gary Null
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 When you increase the amount of unsaturated fats in your diet— by switching from butter to vegetable oils, for instance—your cellular membranes will benefit, but they will also be more vulnerable to "free radical oxidation." When free radical oxidation occurs regularly, the results can be atherosclerosis and premature aging.
The switch from saturated fats to polyunsaturated fats makes sense only when you increase your vitamin E intake at the same time. Vitamin E, as an antioxidant, protects oxygen from being destroyed, thus preventing damaging "cellular blowout. |
| Substitute polyunsaturated fats (largely liquid vegetable oils) for saturated fats in the diet where possible, but make certain you are getting sufficient vitamin E to protect these PUFAs from oxidating.
5. Watch your calorie intake to prevent overweight.
6. Eliminate as much processed, refined foods as possible, especially those containing hydrogenated fats or sugar.
7. Examine your life-style. Do you smoke, drink excessively, get too little exercise? Remember, no change in diet will compensate for the harm such habits can do. |
| Sir John McMichael believes "the time has come to avoid making any substantial change towards polyunsaturated fats in the diet, as this change will not prevent coronary disease but could possibly have other damaging effects on the heart and circulation." vegetable oils, in his opinion, may cause more damage than the animal and dairy fats.118
Summary
No one knows for certain why any particular individual develops heart disease. There are many theories as to its causes, and each points to a different factor that is no doubt important.
High dietary cholesterol has received the most publicity. |
| Hydrogenation, which is done to improve the "keeping" quality of oils and raise their melting point, is only one of the ways vegetable oils and fats are changed from a natural to an unnatural food. When you toss your next salad with that innocent-looking, mild-tasting commercial oil, remind yourself of all it's been through. For example:
• Lye, caustic soda, or a strong bleaching agent is added to the oil. This step reduces the vitamin E that is available to you. |
| If hydrogenated, they have a flavor similar to vegetable oils but sweeter.
Fats in Dairy Foods
Weight watchers know that whole milk contains fats—mostly saturated. This is also true of whole milk yogurt. If you like natural cheeses, they are a good source of the same fats you get from meat. Cheese also contains a bit of EFA, with 2 percent linoleic and 1 percent linolenic acid. This is true, too, of eggs, often called nature's most perfect food because of the quality of its protein. Cheese also contains complete protein. |
| The presence of these three essential acids—linoleic, linolenic, and arachi-donic—are one of the major reasons you use vegetable oils and nut butters. These three essential fatty acids are so important in your diet because they are the only ones your body can't manufacture from the others.
7. Our cell membranes protect us, but not unless they are healthy. A good supply of fatty acids keeps them in shape. And, in turn, cellular tissue requires these fats to be produced and reproduced.6
8. |
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